Aportaciones al conocimiento del género Salix L. (Salicaceae) en la provincia de León (NW España)

Los autores han reconocido en el territorio estudiado 5 táxones del subgénero Salix y 7 del subgénero Vetrix así como 16 híbridos. Consideran a S. neotricha una especie independiente de S. fragilis. Se describen los siguientes híbridos: Salix x expectata, Salix x pormensis, Salix x viridifolia, Salix x pseudosalvifolia, Salix x longissima, Salix x pseudoelaeagnos, Salix x multidentata y Salix x rijosa.De cada taxon se aporta la distribución en la provincia de León en base a la cartografía UTM de 10 km de lado, así como su comportamiento fitosociológico.Se aportan tres claves dicotómicas para la diferenciación de los táxones del género Salix en la provincia de León basándose en los amentos masculinos y femeninos, así como la morfología foliar.The autors have recognized in the studied territory 5 taxa of the Salix subgenus and 7 of the Vetrix subgenus as well as sixteen hybrids. They consider S. neotricha an independent species from S. fragilis. The following hybrids are described: Salix x expectata, Salix x pormensis, Salix x viridifolia, Salix x pseudosalvifolia, Salix x longissima, Salix x pseudoelaeagnos, Salix x multidentata and Salix x rijosa.We give the chorology of each taxon in León province on maps with UTM coordinates of 10 km, as well as its phytosociological behaviour.Three dichotomic keys are given in order to identify the taxa of the Salix genus living in León province. These are based on male and female catkins as well as leaf morpholog

Proteger la naturaleza en España y en Francia. Un análisis comparado del proceso de aplicación de la directiva europea Hábitat

En este artículo, sus autores analizan el proceso de aplicación de la Directiva europea Hábitat en espacios naturales incluidos en la red Natura 2000. Concretamente, estudian varios casos en Francia y en España, comparando el sistema político-administrativo y la dinámica social surgida en torno a la definición del espacio natural objeto de protección y a la puesta en marcha del programa europeo destinado a la conservación de la biodiversidad. En primer lugar, se compara el procedimiento utilizado en ambos países para la definición de los llamados «lugares de interés comunitario» (LIC), mostrando cómo en Francia se propicia la participación de los grupos sociales implicados, mientras que en España son los departamentos de medio ambiente de los gobiernos regionales los que asumen el principal protagonismo. En segundo lugar, se analiza en cada caso el grado de vertebración de los grupos sociales, comprobando hasta qué punto se produce o no una conciliación de intereses en torno al espacio natural protegido. La principal conclusión de la investigación realizada consiste en afirmar que no es el sistema administrativo ni la voluntad conservacionista de los departamentos de medio ambiente el factor que ejerce mayor influencia en el éxito de las políticas ambientales, sino el contexto socioeconómico local, de modo que allí donde se produce una conciliación previa de intereses en torno a un equilibrio entre conservación de la naturaleza y desarrollo económico, hay más posibilidades de que se pueda dar una adecuada gestión del programa.This article analyses the implementation process of the EU Directive Habitats in natural areas belonging to the network Nature 2000. Particularly, its authors study some cases in France and Spain, comparing the administrative systems and the social dynamics involved in the implementation of this European policy, which is designed to foster the conservation of biodiversity. Firstly, the procedures used in both countries to define the so-called LIC are compared; in this respect, it is shown that in France, the government has sought the participation of various social groups, whereas in Spain, the implementation process has been dominated by the environmental agencies of regional governments. Secondly, the interaction between interest groups is analysed in order to see if they manage to balance conflicting interests regarding the natural area concerned. The study's main conclusion is that in both countries, the social and economic context at the local level, rather than the administrative system or the conservationist attitudes of government agencies, constitutes the key for explaining the success or failure of environmental policies. Consequently, the probability of success in terms of program implementation is higher in areas where, a bargaining process among local interest groups has previously generated a suitable equilibrium between environmental protection and economic development interests

Setting the Port Planning Parameters In Container Terminals through Bayesian Networks

The correct prediction in the transport logistics has vital importance in the adequate means and resource planning and in their optimisation. Up to this date, port planning studies were based mainly on empirical, analytical or simulation models. This paper deals with the possible use of Bayesian networks in port planning. The methodology indicates the work scenario and how the network was built. The network was afterwards used in container terminals planning, with the support provided by the tools of the Elvira code. The main variables were defined and virtual scenarios inferences were realised in order to carry out the analysis of the container terminals scenarios through probabilistic graphical models. Having performed the data analysis on the different terminals and on the considered variables (berth, area, TEU, crane number), the results show the possible relationships between them. Finally, the conclusions show the obtained values on each considered scenario

Processing chain of a radar network for safety improvement in the usage of heavy machinery

The use of heavy machinery is one of the main causes of accidents in sites as warehouses or construction. These vehicles have several blind spots that encumber their maneuvering and create a collision-prone environment. To ensure safety in these situations, an early warning system capable of avoiding these accidents is required. An innovative solution consists of the use of a on-board, low-cost, K-band radar network. The complete system is to operate with a very low false alarm rate (FAR) to avoid unnecessary stops and loss of trust by the driver. In order to fulfill this requirement, a processing chain that rejects false detections is implemented. It is also responsible for joining data from all the subsystems of the network

The Engagement of the Social Networks in the ACB Basketball League

We currently live in a technological age, and in continuous growth. Within this age, social networks have emerged as a way of communicating and creating value in branding. Sports clubs have adapted their way of communicating with their fans and have made social networks an indispensable tool for their daily communication. The aim of the present study is to analyze how the position in the ranking affects the engagement of the social networks of 18 basketball clubs that make up the Endesa ACB League during match days 16 to 34. Specific formulas were used in study to analyze social networks of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube. The results show great variability of engagement results as well as a positive correlation between the ranking in the table and engagement on the different social networks, with Instagram having the highest correlation of all the social networks.Iundenia, Centro de Formacion de Tecnicos Deportivos CIF B-18905760 18013708startup Football Connection (FOOC) 4.073.37

Clave para la identificación de las especies ibéricas del género Juncus L. basada en caracteres anatómicos

Se aporta una clave dicotómica para la identificación de táxones ibéricos del género Juncus L., basada fundamentalmente en los siguientes caracteres anatómicos de tallos y hojas: distribución del esclerénquima y de los haces vasculares; tipología del parénquima medular y de las células epidérmicas; características del aparato estomático e índice estomático.A dichotomous key is provided in order to differentiate the iberian taxa of the genus Juncus L., mainly based on the following anatomical characters of the stems and leaves: sclerenchyma and vascular bundles distribution; central ground tissue and epidermic cells type; stomatic characteristcs and stomatic index

De Plantis Legionensibus. Nota III

Como continuación de las anteriores notas florísticas, se complementa el catálogo provincial con una docena de táxones, resultado de diversas recolecciones botánicas efectuadas por distintas zonas del territorio leonés. As following the former check list notes on Ledn area, twelve taxa are recorded by the firs time for this area

Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass-Gasification Mixtures Using Ni-Fe/MgAl2O4 as a Bifunctional Catalyst

Biomass gasification streams typically contain a mixture of CO, H2, CH4, and CO2 as the majority components and frequently require conditioning for downstream processes. Herein, we investigate the catalytic upgrading of surrogate biomass gasifiers through the generation of syngas. Seeking a bifunctional system capable of converting CO2 and CH4 to CO, a reverse water gas shift (RWGS) catalyst based on Fe/MgAl2O4 was decorated with an increasing content of Ni metal and evaluated for producing syngas using different feedstock compositions. This approach proved efficient for gas upgrading, and the incorporation of adequate Ni content increased the CO content by promoting the RWGS and dry reforming of methane (DRM) reactions. The larger CO productivity attained at high temperatures was intimately associated with the generation of FeNi3 alloys. Among the catalysts’ series, Ni-rich catalysts favored the CO productivity in the presence of CH4, but important carbon deposition processes were noticed. On the contrary, 2Ni-Fe/MgAl2O4 resulted in a competitive and cost-effective system delivering large amounts of CO with almost no coke deposits. Overall, the incorporation of a suitable realistic application for valorization of variable composition of biomass-gasification derived mixtures obtaining a syngas-rich stream thus opens new routes for biosyngas production and upgrading.Spanish Ministry of Universities and the European Union via the MZAMBRANO2021-19889 excellence grant and the European Commission through the H2020-MSCA-RISE-2020 BIOALL project (Grant Agreement: 101008058)Junta de Andalucia PAIDI 2020 through the project P20-0066

Innovative Desalination System Driven by a Solar Micro Gas Turbine for Off-Grid Applications

Past work by the authors has suggested that Solar micro Gas Turbines (SmGTs) can be used cost-effectively to produce electric power and heat for freshwater production through desalination, mainly in off-grid locations. This is further studied in this work, presenting a detailed description of system performance at design and part-load conditions, as well as the characteristics of the components of the SmGT and the desalination unit. To this end, the SmGT is assessed first, considering techniques that achieve a greater off-design performance such as incorporating Variable Inlet Guide Vanes (VIGVs) at the compressor inlet, and including the sensitivity to control strategies and ambient conditions, exploring their expectedly very negative impact on the SmGT performance. Water treatment system is comprised of two elements. A Reverse Osmosis desalination unit is driven by the electric power produced by the SmGT. This produces brine with high salt concentration to be partially treated further in a Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) unit driven by the exhaust gases of the microturbine (at about 250-300ºC), where the sensible heat of this stream is harvested by the ZLD unit to “dry” and concentrate the effluent. Finally, the potential and the operational limitations of the ZLD system are discussed, supplemented by an experimental proof of concept where its feasibility was verified